|
|||
|
.................................... …and he reminded them that they would always be part of that team … and they could always count on each other ..................................... |
Glossary |
||
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T WAAdvocacy - To request and know how to access services and assistance. Affect - The observable emotional condition/reaction of an individual at any given time. i.e.: “Flat Affect” - no observed facial reaction such as smile, frown, etc. Aggression - Physical and verbal acts of hostility. Alcoholism - A disease of dependency on alcohol. It is a chronic, progressive and potentially fatal disease. See Substance Abuse Section. Anhedonia - Lack of pleasure in acts that are normally pleasurable. Anticonvulsant - Medication taken to prevent or relieve seizures/convulsions; Antidepressants - Medication used to prevent, cure or alleviate depression. Antianxiety Medication - Medication taken to prevent, cure or alleviate anxiety. Anxiety - As a mood, anxiety is a state of tension, inner unrest, apprehension, uneasiness or a temporary psychological imbalance. It may be accompanied by physical signs such as rapid pulse, dilated pupils, heart pounding and may include flushed skin, irregular breathing and cracking of the voice. Art Therapy - Use of art techniques such as painting, crafts and dolls to identify issues that a child may be unable to talk about. Attention - The ability to concentrate on a task. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) - Behavior characterized by inappropriate degrees of inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity. These actions appear with varying degrees in most situations affecting the child’s life. Autistic - Thinking that ignores the environment and views the world from internal fantasies rather than external realities. BBehavior - Visible actions/reactions demonstrated by the child/youth. Behavioral Disorders - A commonly used term to identify disruptive, aggressive behavior. Bonding and Attachment - A term used to describe the cycle of attachment and bonding between mother and child in infancy. It is believed that the stronger the bond the greater the mental health of the child. Brain Injury - Damage to the brain that results in impairments in one or more functions, including: arousal, attention, language, memory, reasoning, abstract thinking, judgment, problem-solving, sensory abilities, perceptual abilities, motor abilities, psychosocial behavior, information processing and speech. The damage may be caused by external physical force, insufficient blood supply, toxic substances, malignancy, disease-producing organisms, congenital disorders, birth trauma or degenerative processes. CCase Manager - Person identified to provide case management services. This person “manages” the entire “case.” Coordinates all of the services and providers. Case Management - Coordination of services to assure the effective use of resources; may include assessment of needs, development of a plan based on needs and goals, identification of programs, services, financial options, coordination and monitoring of services, and ongoing evaluation of current and future needs. CAT (Computerized Axial Tomography) Scans - A type of x-ray technique which makes it possible to visualize the structures of living brains. Using this painless technique, scientists can look at the brain structures and notice if abnormalities exist. Identifying brain tumors is possible. Cerebral Palsy - Paralysis resulting from developmental defects in the brain or trauma at birth. Chronic - Of long duration. A disease/problem showing little change or of slow progression. Compulsions - The repeated, senseless performance of actions accompanied by the feeling of not being able to stop the behaviors. It is thought that these actions are performed to prevent anxiety, i.e., washing hands over and over again. Concrete Thinking - The tendency to take words literally and to attach limited meaning to language. Thinking is very rigid. Jokes are often misinterpreted or not understood. Conduct Disorders - Behavioral patterns in which the basic rights of others are violated. Appropriate and “normal” behavior and rules are often disregarded. Aggression is common. Conflict - A clash between emotions or thoughts. Confusion - Not being aware of or oriented with aspect to time, place, self or others. Counseling - The provision of guidance, education and advice by a mental health professional/ Counselor. Crisis Intervention - Immediate response to a crisis through behavior therapy techniques, support, reassurance, direct advice, medication or hospitalization. The emphasis will often depend on the nature of the crisis and the circumstances involved. Cultural Competence - is the development of skills by individuals and systems to live and work with, educate and serve diverse individuals and communities. It is the willingness and ability of a system to value the importance of culture in the delivery of services to all segments of the population. It is the use of systems perspective which values differences and is responsive to diversity at all levels of an organization, i.e., policy, governance, administrative, workforce, provider, and consumer/client. Cultural competence is developmental, community focused, family oriented and culturally relevant. In particular, it is the attention to the needs of underserved and racial/ethnic groups, and the integration of cultural attitudes, beliefs, and practices into diagnosis and treatment, education and training, and workplace environments. It is the continuous promotion of skills, practices and interactions to ensure that services are culturally responsive and competent. Culturally Competent activities include developing skills through training, using self-assessment tools, and implementing goals and objectives to ensure that governance, administrative policies and practices, and clinical skills and practices are responsive to diversity within the populations served. (http://culturalcompetence2.com) Cultural competence is a developmental process that evolves over an extended period. Both individuals and organizations are at various levels of awareness, knowledge and skills along the cultural competence continuum. (adapted from Cross et al., 1989) Cystic Fibrosis - An inherited disease of apocrine glands affecting the pancreas, respiratory system and apocrine glands. DDate Rape Drugs - Potent drugs with tranquilizing type effects placed into a drink or beverage at dance clubs. The drugs are tasteless, colorless and odorless when added to beverages. Dating Violence - A dating relationship in which one person abuses the other. Day Treatment Program (Partial Hospitalization) - Non-residential program intended to increase the functional ability of the child through therapy and activities. Day treatment seeks to facilitate successful integration back into the home and community. Delusion - 1) A false belief firmly held despite obvious proof to the contrary: i.e.: fear of being poisoned or 2) Thoughts that are bizarre, fragmented and have no basis in reality. Denial - Rejection of reality. Refusal or inability to admit, or to acknowledge the presence or existence of something - a defense mechanism. Depersonalization - The belief that one’s own reality is temporarily lost or altered. The patient feels estranged or unreal. Depression - Characterized by changed mood with such symptoms as: feelings of worthlessness, loss of energy and motivation, eating and sleeping disturbances, a sense of hopelessness, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal thoughts or attempts. Developmental Disability - Any mental and/or physical disability that has an onset before age 22 and may continue indefinitely. It can limit major life activities. This term includes individuals with mental retardation, cerebral palsy, autism, seizure disorders, sensory impairments, congenital disabilities, traumatic accidents, or conditions caused by disease. e.g.; polio, muscular dystrophy. Disability - Inability or limitation in performing tasks, activities and roles in the manner or within the range considered normal for a person of the same age, gender, culture and education. It may refer to a physical, mental or sensory condition. Disorientation - Not knowing where you are, who you are, who others are, or the current date. Health professionals often speak of a normal person as being oriented “times three or four” which refers to person (self), place, time and others. Distractibility - The mind is easily diverted from conversation by unimportant detail. Inability to focus one’s attention. Domestic Violence - A significant and intimate relationship in which one person abuses the other person. Downs Syndrome - A type of congenital mental retardation/developmental disability (ranging from moderate too severe). DSM-IV-R: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Ed., Revised) - The American Psychiatric Association (APA) publishes this manual which describes all of the diagnostic criteria and the systematic descriptions of the various disorders. Dual Diagnosis - The combination of a diagnosis of mental illness and substance abuse. EEating Disorders - Anorexia, bulimia and compulsive overeating. Echolalia - The persistent repetition of words. Echopraxia - Mimicking another person’s movements. EEG - A computerized (electroencephalogram) type of brain wave test which maps electrical responses of the brain in response to different forms of stimulation. Emotional Disorders - Emotions are not felt or expressed in the same way as “healthy” persons. Encopresis - Repeated evacuation of feces into clothes or inappropriate receptacles. Enurisis - Incontinence, involuntary urination. Euphoria - Exaggerated sense of well being. Extrapyramidal Syndrome (E.P.S.) - A variety of signs and symptoms, including muscular rigidity, tremors, drooling, shuffling gait, restlessness; peculiar involuntary postures; motor inertia; and many other neurological disorders. A result of medication side effects. FFantasy - Imagined thoughts to gratify wishes. The creation in one’s mind of that which is unreal, may be disordered and weird; may also be creative. Flight of Ideas - Thoughts and speech that occur in rapid succession and may be incoherent/nonsensical. GGrandiosity - Unrealistic feelings of exaggerated importance or power, either negative or positive. Guilt - A distressing emotion that is felt when someone has violated their own values; such a person may feel worthless and seek punishment. HHallucination - A false perception having no relation to reality and not accounted for by any outside stimulus (cause). These are false perceptions in the senses, i.e., hearing, seeing, tasting, smelling and touching. The person experiencing these sensations believes that they are real. Sometimes they may act on the basis of the false perceptions of reality. Hallucinogens - Drugs that produce hallucinations. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) - In its active state is called AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Homemaker/Home Care - Provision of care or assistance in the person’s own home. Hyperactivity - Increased or excessive activity. Hyperkinetic Syndrome - This disorder is now referred to as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Such persons often are inattentive, impulsive, and hyperactive in comparison to persons of similar ages. IIndividual Care Grant (I.C.G.) - A grant to assist parents and other private guardians in paying the costs of residential treatment for mentally ill children under the age of 18. Individualized Disability Education Act (I.D.E.A.) - The federal law that guarantees all disabled children the right to a free, appropriate, public education. It is Public Law 94-142. IEP - Individualized Education Plan. The written plan that describes what services the local education agency has promised to provide to your child. This is a legally binding document. Illusions - Inaccurate perception, misinterpretation of sensory impressions. Inhalants - Compounds inhaled to produce a “high” effect. Inpatient - Patient who is hospitalized for treatment. Intervention - Taking action to bring about change. Irritability - An inner feeling or tension often communicated to others as annoyance, anger or frustration. I.T.P. - Individualized Treatment Plan. This multi disciplinary plan of treatment must be written in the medical record, which is a legal document. LLabile - Unstable up and down emotions. Learning Disability - Inability or defect in ability to learn basic skills such as writing, reading and mathematics. Linguistic competence -is the capacity of an organization and its personnel to communicate effectively, and convey information in a manner that is easily understood by diverse audiences including persons of limited English proficiency, those who have low literacy skills or are not literate, and individuals with disabilities. Linguistic competency requires organizational and provider capacity to respond effectively to the health literacy needs of populations served. The organization must have policy, structures, practices, procedures and dedicated resources to support this capacity. Goode & Jones (modified 2004). National Center for Cultural Competence, Georgetown University Center for Child & Human Development. (http://www11.georgetown.edu) MMagical Thinking - The feeling that thoughts or actions have the ability to cause actions or effects which would defy the normal laws of cause and effect. Example: “If I step on the cracks on the sidewalk, something terrible will happen”. Mania - A mood characterized by such symptoms as: rapid or unpredictable emotional changes, high energy level, feelings of grandiosity, extreme irritability, and excessive involvement in activities that have high potential for painful or risky consequences. Marijuana - The dried plant, cannabis sativa, smoked to produce a “high effect. Medicaid - A government program which pays medical costs for people with a low income or severe disabilities. Mental Disorders - A general term used to describe behavioral and psychological impairments. Mental Retardation - Below average intellectual functioning often in combination with problems in physical abilities, (currently referred to as “developmental disability”). Mood - A strong constant emotion that has a major influence on a person’s perception of the world, e.g.; depression, elation, anxiety. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - A technique involving exact measurements of brain structures based on the effects of a magnetic field on various substances in the brain. Occasionally this technique is referred to as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Multi-disciplinary Team - Does a multi-disciplinary staff conference - a team of persons representing each discipline (field of study) who with the family and child, if appropriate, set goals for evaluating and treating the child. Music Therapy - Use of music and singing to express feelings, improve body image, develop language and movement skills. NNightmares - A bad dream accompanied by great fear. Night terror - Form of nightmare causing children to awaken in terror. OObsessions - Ideas or thoughts that persistently intrude into consciousness. Obsessive/Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - The performance of certain rituals repetitively in order to relieve anxiety. E.g.: opening and closing a door, washing hands over and over. Occupational Therapy (OT) - The therapeutic use of self-care, work and play activities to increase independent function, enhance development and minimize disability. Opiates - Any drug containing or derived from opium. Organic - Psychological disorders which are the result of brain dysfunction; Outpatient - One who receives treatment at a hospital or clinic but is not hospitalized. PPanic Attacks - Sudden, irrational bouts of anxiety, which can produce extreme distress, feelings of doom and panic. The attacks are accompanied by the physiological signs of anxiety. Paranoia - A mental disorder in which the person feels suspicious or persecuted. Often the person also has delusions of grandeur or may feel that “the world is out to get him/her.” Personality Disorder - Persistent, characteristic, maladaptive ways of behaving. Phobia - Unrealistic and irrational anxiety that is felt for an object or place; e.g.; fear of flying to the extent of not flying. Physical Abuse - Violent action/victimization of another. Physical Therapy - Rehabilitation to restore function, prevent disability. Psychiatric Hospitalization - Hospitalization which specializes in evaluation and treatment of mental illness/disorder. Psychiatrist - A physician who specializes in the study, treatment and prevention of mental disorders. (Can prescribe medications) Psychologist - One who is trained in methods of psychological analysis, therapy and research. (Can not prescribe medications) Psychosis - This term usually means that a person is out of touch with reality and cannot tell the difference between fact and fantasy. Psychotropic Drug - A drug that has an effect on psychic function, behavior, or experience; e.g.; hallucinations. RRehabilitation - The process of treatment and education provided to assist a person to return to or reach their highest level of functioning. Respite Care - “Relief” or “a break” provided by a substitute caretaker, to relieve the primary caretaker of a child or adult with physical or mental/emotional disabilities. Respite may be provided, for a period of an hour to as long as a weekend. Care may be provided in-home or out-of-home. Ritalin - One of the medications used to relieve the symptoms of ADD/ADHD, (each individual needs to work with their psychiatrist and become educated regarding medications.) SSedatives/Hypnotics - Medications/drugs, which provide a tranquilizing, effect. Self-Abusing Behavior - Self-inflicted, harmful behavior, i.e.: Cutting self, pulling hair. Sexual Abuse - Sexual victimization of a person (child or adult). Social Worker - A person educated to work with individuals and families to identify problems through study of family/social histories, identify needs and make referrals. Master’s level social workers provide therapy. Speech Therapists - A person trained to provide treatment of speech delays and impairments. Substance Abuse - Maladaptive use of legal and illegal substances, resulting in disruption of school, employment, relationships, health, etc. Substance Abuse Program - A program designed to evaluate and treat persons with substance abuse problems. (In-patient or out-patient) Suicidal Behaviors/Tendencies - Threats or actions taken to kill oneself. Support Group - A group of “peers,” non-professionals, with a common goal to live a productive life, drug/alcohol free, to recover from an eating disorder, etc. They provide one another with support and wisdom through their own experience, struggles and recovery. TTangentiality - A disturbance in interpersonal communication characterized by the person bringing up a point, getting off the track, and never making the original point. Tardive Dyskinesia - Involuntary movements of the mouth, tongue and lips; purposeless, quick, jerky movements that occur suddenly, movements of the trunk and limbs. Psychotropic medication contributes to the development of this condition. Therapist - A person skilled in providing therapy. Therapy - Treatment of a condition. Traumatic Brain Injury - Damage to living brain tissue caused by an external force or blow to the head disrupting the normal function of the brain. It is usually characterized by a period of altered consciousness, often referred to as a concussion.. Twelve (12) Step Program - AA (Alcoholics Anonymous), NA, LA, ACA, etc. Support groups designed around a structured program to support the recovery of those with addictions/disorders. WWithdrawal - The physical and psychological effects resulting when an addicted person discontinues taking a drug or drinking alcohol. These symptoms are painful, can be dangerous and should be monitored and treated in an appropriate environment, i.e., hospital or inpatient treatment program. Wraparound - Wraparound is an initiative to “wrap community services around at-risk children and families to prevent out-of-home placements.” Wraparound assists in maintaining children and youth in their own homes, schools, and communities.
|
|||